Marxist-Leninist Philosophy and the Development of Critical Thinking in Contemporary Learners

Abstract

In the context of globalization, the Fourth Industrial Revolution, and the rapid development of the knowledge economy, modern education places urgent demands on fostering critical thinking competence among learners. This paper analyzes the role of Marxist–Leninist philosophy in shaping critical thinking and critical thinking skills for students today. Based on an overview of key concepts of thinking, critical thinking, and critical thinking skills, the study clarifies the dialectical relationship between content (critical thinking) and form (critical thinking skills). It argues that learning Marxist–Leninist philosophy not only provides a foundation of worldview and scientific methodology but also contributes to developing analytical, argumentative, reflective, and creative capacities. The paper demonstrates that the teaching and learning of Marxist–Leninist philosophy help students establish a comprehensive and systematic perspective, enhance language and reasoning abilities, stimulate creativity, and cultivate resilience in addressing practical situations. Furthermore, to maximize effectiveness, philosophy education must closely integrate theory with practice, innovate pedagogical methods, and encourage self-learning, self-reflection, and independent thinking. Accordingly, the paper reaffirms the crucial role of Marxist–Leninist philosophy in fostering high-quality human resources to meet the requirements of the new era.