Enhancing the Threshold Concepts: The Intervention of an Innovative Infographic Module-Based Padlet (IMP) In Franchise Business Management

Abstract

Distance learning has become an increasingly prominent mode of education in higher education institutions (HEIs) worldwide, offering flexible alternatives to traditional on-campus programs. Despite its widespread adoption, distance learners often struggle with grasping complex subject matter, particularly threshold concepts such as those found in franchise business education. This study explores the effectiveness of an instructional intervention using the Infographic Module-Based Padlet (IMP) to enhance conceptual understanding among students enrolled in the Franchise Business Management Course (FBMC) at Universiti Utara Malaysia (UUM). Adopting an action research methodology and a mixed methods design to ensure methodological triangulation, the study found that the IMP tool significantly improved learner engagement and comprehension. Participants reported that the visual and interactive nature of the module facilitated a clearer understanding of franchise business concepts, helping them overcome initial learning barriers. The findings suggest that such digital interventions can play a critical role in addressing low threshold issues among distance learners. From a policy standpoint, the results underscore the need for government and educational policymakers to revisit existing pedagogical frameworks to better support remote learning environments. Practically, HEIs and educators are encouraged to adopt more proactive and student-centered teaching strategies that leverage digital tools to foster deeper learning. The study contributes to ongoing efforts to enhance the quality and inclusivity of distance education, particularly in fields requiring conceptual mastery and applied understanding.