Monetary Policy and its Implications in Financial Education for Current Business Management

Abstract

Monetary policy plays a significant role in Peru's macroeconomic stability. The relationship between the instruments used by the Central Reserve Bank of Peru (BCRP) and the primary issuance flow in the 2018-2025 time window was reviewed, analyzing the relationship it may represent for academic training and commercial decision-making. METHODOLOGY, A quantitative approach with a non-experimental and longitudinal design, using monthly data from the BCRP's statistical portal. A VAR econometric model and an OLS regression were calculated from 330 observations. Stationarity tests (ADF and KPSS) and optimal VAR order, impulse response functions, and variance decomposition were also performed. RESULTS, They revealed that foreign exchange transactions and other monetary operations, including supply levels with monetary instruments, exerted a positive and significant effect on primary issuance (p < 0.05), while exports, CPI, and financial inflation were not relevant. Starting in 2020 and throughout the 2020–2022 period, amid the pandemic, a high degree of volatility was observed in both primary issuance and monetary instruments, as well as normalization processes. The model explained a good part of the variability (R² = 1.000), although it showed problems of multicollinearity and overfitting, which requires caution in its interpretation. DISCUSSION, They confirmed the relevance of monetary policy in liquidity management and its relationship with the development of the business economy. They also confirmed the need to strengthen financial education with a focus on practical use, based on empirical evidence that enables students to respond to macroeconomic scenarios and manage risks in the face of uncertainty.