The Impact of the Modernization (Transformation) of Kazakhstan's Political System on the In-vestment Climate

Abstract

The article examines the phenomenon of "political modernization" and its specific manifestations in Kazakhstan. The research focuses on the impact of political transformation on the investment climate in the country. The study employs a qualitative approach, including interviews with experts from foreign companies operating in Kazakhstan and a comprehensive analysis of official documents and governmental decisions on political changes and their impact on the economic and investment landscape. The main part of the study fo-cuses on the analysis of international experiences, particularly the case of political modernization in Singapore and its influence on enhancing the investment climate. It also examines the Kazakhstani case, including the country's initiatives to attract investments during the periods before and after Nazarbayev's resignation, and during Tokayev's presidency.