Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Government Policy Tools in Rural E-Commerce Poverty Alleviation

Abstract

The rapid development of digital technology is profoundly changing the economic landscape and development path of rural areas around the world. In recent years, e-commerce, as an important part of the digital economy, has become a key fulcrum of rural poverty alleviation strategies in many countries. Governments around the world have introduced targeted policy tools in an attempt to increase farmers' income and reduce rural poverty through the development of rural e-commerce. This study systematically evaluates the effectiveness of different types of government policy tools in rural e-commerce poverty alleviation from the perspective of policy tool theory. The research results show that a comprehensive combination of policy tools is more effective than a single tool intervention; policy interventions that combine infrastructure investment with digital capacity building are more effective; fiscal subsidies need to be combined with market mechanisms to avoid subsidy dependence; and policy designs that are tailored to local conditions are more effective than unified standards. Based on empirical analysis, this study proposed an optimization framework for rural e-commerce poverty alleviation policy tools, emphasizing that policy tools should have stage matching, synergy and complementarity, and dynamic adaptability. The research results provide theoretical guidance and practical reference for governments to formulate and improve rural e-commerce poverty alleviation policies.